For about 20 years, Ray Keating wrote a weekly column - a short time with the New York City Tribune, more than 11 years with Newsday, another seven years with Long Island Business News, plus another year-and-a-half with RealClearMarkets.com. As an economist, Keating also pens an assortment of analyses each week. With the Keating Files, he decided to expand his efforts with regular commentary touching on a broad range of issues, written by himself and an assortment of talented contributors and columnists. So, here goes...
Showing posts with label communist. Show all posts
Showing posts with label communist. Show all posts

Thursday, May 28, 2020

China Moves to Crush Dissent and Freedom in Hong Kong – Relevant Excerpts from “Deep Rough” and “The Traitor”

by Ray Keating
The Keating Files – May 28, 2020

Life, art and oppression in communist China – no one should be surprised.

On Thursday, the Chinese communist government took the grim step of overriding the partial autonomy of Hong Kong. That is, tossing aside the promise to allow self-government in Hong Kong (the “one country, two systems” governance) for 50 years, as agreed to when the British handed Hong Kong over to the Chinese government in 1997. China’s legislature on May 28 voted almost unanimously to impose “national security” laws on the territory. (By the way, The Wall Street Journal reported, “Some 2,878 lawmakers voted for the resolution, with only one dissent. Six abstained, and one didn’t cast a vote.” Hmmm, what’s going to happen to those eight?)

This, of course, is nothing less than the Chinese government – led by President Xi Jinping – moving to crush any kind of dissent. It is what totalitarian regimes do, and the rest of the world should learn and be deeply concerned, while also asking: What might be next regarding Taiwan?


I penned a column last week on the major challenges presented by China. In addition, I addressed assorted issues relating to China in my two most recent Pastor Stephen Grant novels – Deep Rough and The Traitor.

Please take a look at the following excerpts from each book – Chapter 1 from Deep Rough, which highlights actual events that occurred in Tiananmen Square as seen by a fictional character, and Chapter 1 from The Traitor, which features a pro-freedom gathering in Hong Kong, with a different outcome.

From Deep Rough...

Chapter 1



June 3-4, 1989 – Tiananmen Square

Serious doubts never really entered the mind of Zhu Gao – until this particular night.

During his previous five years with the Ministry of State Security, or MSS, Gao had lost some nights of sleep wrestling with various actions he had taken. But in the end, his justification always fell back on working for the Communist Party, for the State, and for the common good. Gao knew the threat that counter-revolutionaries posed, and that they often had to be dealt with harshly.

Indeed, his twinges of guilt were just that – merely occasional twinges.
Along with a few others from the MSS, Gao stood looking out a large window of the Great Hall of the People. Peering into the darkness, the group watched a brutal massacre play out across and around Tiananmen Square. One of Gao’s colleagues, a man with apparent foreknowledge of the evening’s events, had brought sets of the new night-vision goggles the MSS had received. 
While Gao remained quiet, the other MSS officers urged the tanks, armored personnel carriers and soldiers forward. Referring to the tens of thousands of students, who had been joined by workers and others over the weeks of protest, one officer said, “It was dangerous to allow these enemies of the State to spread their vicious lies. Why did it take so long to act?”
Another person declared, “They wanted civil war, and now they are getting it.” 
Someone else stated in matter-of-fact fashion, “If I were in charge, they would all be made an example of – annihilated quite publicly.”
The response offered by still another MSS officer was, “Perhaps such overdue justice is at hand.”
Gao stood immobilized, simply staring down on horrors that had just begun, with the night-vision instrument still in his hand. He finally raised the goggles, and slipped them on over his eyes. The green tint didn’t make what he watched unfold over the coming hours any less real.

*                      *                      *

Gao focused in on a man who pushed a woman clear of an approaching tank. The tank then drove over him.

*                      *                      *

He barely needed to move his head to witness a set of soldiers moving in formation away from their personnel carrier while indiscriminately spraying bullets into people attempting to flee.

*                      *                      *

Massive vehicles rolled into the crowds, and over men and women as if they were far less than human.

*                      *                      *

Gao spotted a child on the ground. As a woman attempted to run to him, she was felled by gunshots. Others who tried to reach the child met the same fate.

*                      *                      *

Students locked arms. Soldiers gunned them down, with their bodies then run over by tanks and trucks time and again.

*                      *                      *

Young women held their hands up apparently begging for their lives. Their pleas were met with bayonet thrusts.

*                      *                      *

After hours of death, still more was unleashed. Several soldiers seemed to be directing streams of survivors to an exit, presumably to safety. Instead, they were met by prepared machine-gun positions, and mowed down.

*                      *                      *

His MSS colleagues had left, but Gao remained. After Tiananmen Square had been sanitized of life that sought greater freedom, he watched as bulldozers scraped up the remains of thousands who had been murdered. The bodies were burned. Water tank trucks rolled up, and the incinerated remains of people were hosed down drains.
The Chinese government would say that 241 people died in Tiananmen Square. But the day after the massacre, the British ambassador cabled his government relaying details of the atrocity, stating that more than 10,000 had been murdered. The CIA in due course would quote a Chinese military source confirming that the Chinese communist government’s own internal estimate stood at 10,454 dead.
Zhu Gao eventually moved away from the window. He found the restroom, and wretched over and over into a toilet. He then slowly cleaned himself up with his head down. Gao finally looked up, and stared into his own eyes in a mirror.


From The Traitor...

Chapter 1



“It’s kind of breathtaking,” whispered Paige Caldwell, as she looked out at more than 500,000 citizens of Hong Kong gathered in and around Victoria Park.
Caldwell’s comment was captured by a tiny, two-way communication device hidden in her right ear, and transmitted to three of her colleagues from CDM International Strategies and Security.
Chase Axelrod responded, “After President Bo Liang’s death, they’ve gotten a whiff of freedom.”
Charlie Driessen added, “Maybe they’ll give us a statue next to Queen Victoria, or at least a nice thank you.”
Through gritted teeth, Caldwell  scolded, “Charlie.”
“Yeah, yeah, sorry, but it’s just us.”
Sean McEnany chimed in, “Never assume anything.”
Driessen grunted in response.
The four were in Hong Kong at the behest of the CIA. The Agency wanted to be close to Andy Faan, a leader in the Hong Kong pro-democracy movement, and turned to CDM to do the job. In fact, CDM was able to serve as private security for Faan in addition to protections that the pro-democracy groups were able to supply – which was, to say the least, limited.
Faan sat on a stage in a folding chair, alongside other speakers. These protestors were working together to oppose efforts by the mainland Chinese communist government to grab greater control over Hong Kong’s political and legal systems, as well as its economy.
The CDM group was spread out around the stage, with each dressed to blend in with the crowd. The tools of their trade – Glocks and tactical knives all around – were well hidden from casual or even prying eyes, yet still easily accessible if needed.
The event approached the two-hour mark.
Driessen whispered, “I’m with these guys, but somebody needs to be ready with the hook when they go on too long. And each one, so far, has gone on too long.”
McEnany replied, “Stop bitchin’, Charlie. This is history.”
Driessen grunted, once again. His sarcasm and sometimes indecipherable utterances kind of matched Driessen’s look, which featured barely tamed but thinning hair, an unruly mustache, and rumpled clothing.
Caldwell added, “Putting aside Charlie’s complaining, his point is a reminder that we’ve probably got another two hours before Faan takes the stage to close this thing out.”
Axelrod was covering the area behind the stage and a large dark curtain. Backstage had been rather quiet since the event kicked off, while McEnany patrolled in front of the stage, and Caldwell watched from the left side and Driessen the right. 
Some 90 minutes later, McEnany moved toward an area set aside for the media. He had passed by the group several times already, but in this instance, a correspondent with the Xinhua News Agency, an organ of the Chinese government, started to slip a phone into his jacket pocket, stepped forward, and bumped into McEnany. The phone fell to the ground, and the two men bent down to retrieve it. As they did so, the correspondent, Ping Ho, whispered, “The Ministry of State Security is going to arrest Faan after he speaks.”
McEnany grabbed the phone. As they stood up, he handed it to Ho. McEnany merely said, “Excuse me.”
Ho nodded.
The two men continued walking in different directions.
McEnany waited for the cover of crowd noise before relaying Ho’s message to his team. “Not sure if you heard that, but I was told that the MSS is going to grab Faan after his speech. And before anyone asks, yes, this person would know and is reliable. I fully trust him.”
Caldwell whispered, “Shit.”
Axelrod reported, “They’ve got to know that he’s supposed to leave from behind the stage. I’m not spotting anything signaling the MSS, at least not yet.”
Driessen offhandedly added, “Apparently, the new Chinese president isn’t all that different from the old one.”
McEnany volunteered, “If they take Faan, no one’s going to see him again. Plan B or C?” The muscular, five-foot-ten-inch McEnany continued his casual movements, including scratching the scalp underneath his short blond hair.
During their prep for the event, CDM had come up with two alternatives for extracting Faan if a situation like this developed. Plan B called for getting him out before he spoke, then to a CIA safehouse. Plan C was a post-speech strategy to move Faan off the stage and into the crowd, and in the confusion, lose whomever was after him. Again, the short-term destination would be the safehouse. When Caldwell informed Faan of the options on the previous night, he didn’t seem too keen on either, offering no real response.
Axelrod said, “He’s never going to go for B. He’ll insist on speaking.”
Caldwell said, “Yeah, you’re right. Plan C presents all kinds of risks, but it’s better than just letting the MSS arrest Faan.” She paused, and then said, “Okay, I’ll make my way to Faan and let him know the situation. After that, we’ll move into place to move him when he’s finished speaking.”
She received affirmative responses, and made her way around the back of and then onto the stage. Caldwell’s beauty usually shone through, including her black hair, steely blue eyes, full lips and freckles, but she was skilled in emphasizing it when needed, or as was the case now, limiting it with rather mundane, even drab attire. Few seemed to take note of her moving into an empty chair, and whispering into Andy Faan’s ear. “We’ve received reliable information that the MSS is going to arrest you after your speech.”
Faan turned his head, raised an eyebrow and looked into Caldwell’s eyes. “You are sure?”
Caldwell nodded. 
Faan said, “I am going to speak. I am not leaving.”
“I understand. That means we’ll need to go to Plan C.”
Faan sighed, and remained silent.
At the microphone, the declarations by one of the pro-democracy speakers generated cheers among the crowd.
Caldwell asked, “Mr. Faan, Plan C?’
“I suppose we don’t have a choice.” He paused, and looked out at the hundreds of thousands of people gathered. The expression on his face changed. “Ms. Caldwell, be ready with Plan C. But perhaps I can get more people on our side by shedding some light on the current situation.”
Caldwell stared at Faan. “Is that the best move?”
Faan replied, “I’m not saying this because I am the target, but this is a clear example of why we are gathered here today. The Chinese government wants to control our ability to speak out, and they want to make those who would disagree with them disappear.”
Caldwell nodded. “I understand. I’m going to remain on the side of the stage, and will signal you if, or when, we spot the MSS people. My team will be ready for whatever happens.”
“Thank you.” He leaned in closer. “How did you come across this information?”
Caldwell paused. She answered, “A friend of ours and of freedom working in the Chinese state media.”
Faan smiled. “A well-placed patriot. Please thank him, or her, for me.”
“We will.”
An hour later, as Andy Faan began to speak to the throng of people, three dark SUVs stopped some 60 yards away on one of the streets leading to the park. Two men exited from each vehicle, with the drivers remaining behind the respective wheels. All were dressed in black.
Axelrod spotted them immediately. He reached inside his jacket, felt the Glock and then checked his knife. Axelrod’s skills with both were matched by his size and strength. His six-foot-three-inch body was capable of unleashing a fury well beyond what he used on the gridiron during college. He reported, “The MSS thugs have arrived.”
Driessen said, “I hope Faan knows what he’s doing.”
Caldwell replied, “Me, too.”
When Faan glanced in her direction, Caldwell nodded at him.
She whispered to the CDM group, “He knows.”
Axelrod interrupted, “Crap.”
“What is it?” replied Caldwell and McEnany at the same time.
“The MSS apparently has backup. Two troop transports just pulled up not far beyond the SUVs. The Chinese army is arriving.”
Caldwell said, “Shit. We should have gotten Faan out of here while we could.”
Driessen responded, “He wasn’t going to let us take him anywhere.”
Axelrod offered, “Well, at least I’m not seeing anything beyond the three SUVs and the two troop trucks.”
Driessen asked, “Is that good news?”
McEnany speculated, “It might be. It tells me that they’re not looking for a bloodbath ... hopefully.”
“The troops haven’t moved out of the trucks yet,” reported Axelrod.
McEnany observed, “It’s all up to Faan now.”
About twenty minutes later, Faan had the massive crowd hanging on every word.
Driessen commented, “Geez, they love this guy.”
“He’s the real thing,” commented McEnany in matter-of-fact fashion.
Faan lowered the microphone and took a deep breath. He then said, “Before we leave here today, I want to remove any doubts about what we are saying and why we are here. The mainland communist government does not like freedom, whether it be freedom of speech, religion or the press. That government does not seek to protect our natural rights, but instead, they seek to make government the creator and denier of rights.”
Axelrod said, “Six MSS agents are moving forward.”
Caldwell looked at the curtain hanging behind Faan. She said, “Chase, let’s help Faan show what’s happening.”
Axelrod paused, and then said, “The curtain?”
“Yeah.”
“I’m with you.”
The two moved into place, while Faan continued speaking.
When Andy Faan finally said, “I have received what I consider to be accurate information that the Chinese Ministry of State Security is planning to arrest me when I finish speaking.”
The six MSS agents had climbed the stairs and were waiting on the other side of the curtain. Hearing Faan’s words, they froze.
Axelrod, who understood most of the Cantonese being spoken, said, “Now.” Caldwell and Axelrod pulled open the large curtain, exposing the six MSS agents to hundreds of thousands of increasingly angry and outraged residents of Hong Kong.
Faan glanced behind him, turned back to the microphone, and said, “These apparently are the men sent to arrest me. But this is bigger than me, my friends, This is about all of us, and about basic human freedoms being crushed by an abusive regime.”
Shouts of anger and calls for freedom rose up from the crowd.
Driessen said, “What the hell is going to happen?”
Each of the CDM personnel placed a hand on their gun. The MSS agents did the same. In the distance, the members of the People’s Liberation Army started moving out of the troop transports.
But one of the MSS agents raised a hand to cover an earpiece in an apparent effort to hear more clearly as angry shouts grew louder from hundreds of thousands of people.
The six MSS agents suddenly turned, and moved rapidly down the stairs and away from the stage.
As they climbed back into the SUVs and the vehicles pulled away, followed by the troop transports, Faan led the crowd in a chant of “Freedom!”
Later that night, Sean McEnany sent an encrypted message to Ping Ho: “Thank you, once again, for your work and courage. The information you passed along saved Andy Faan and might have saved the pro-democracy, pro-freedom movement.”
Ho responded, “I do what I must. I thank God for you and your friends. You are taking risks when you do not have to do so.”
McEnany replied, “Stay strong, my friend, and God bless.”


Get the paperback and Kindle edition of Deep Rough at Amazon via
Signed books are at www.raykeatingonline.com

Get the paperback and Kindle edition of The Traitor at Amazon via
Signed books are at www.raykeatingonline.com

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Ray Keating is a columnist, economist, podcaster and entrepreneur.  You can order his new book Behind Enemy Lines: Conservative Communiques from Left-Wing New York  from Amazon or signed books at RayKeatingOnline.com. His other recent nonfiction book is Free Trade Rocks! 10 Points on International Trade Everyone Should Know. Keating also is a novelist. His latest novels are  The Traitor: A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel, which is the 12th book in the series, and the second edition of Root of All Evil? A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel with a new Author Introduction. The views expressed here are his own – after all, no one else should be held responsible for this stuff, right?

Also, tune in to Ray Keating’s podcasts – the PRESS CLUB C Podcastand the Free Enterprise in Three Minutes Podcast  

Friday, May 22, 2020

At a Turning Point with China?

by Ray Keating
The Keating Files – May 22, 2020

Economic freedom is critical to development, growth and prosperity. And it tends to play a key part in boosting political freedom as well. How far that last point goes, though, is being tested by communist China.

Nobel Laureate economist Milton Friedman made the link between economic and political freedom. He noted in his book Capitalism and Freedom: “Economic freedom plays a dual role in the promotion of a free society. On the one hand, freedom in economic arrangements is itself a component of freedom broadly understood, so economic freedom is an end in itself. In the second place, economic freedom is also an indispensable means toward the achievement of political freedom.”


The link between economic freedom and economic growth is not surprising, given that individuals are set free and incentivized to pursue their hopes and dreams, and to start up and invest in businesses. And they have access to ideas and resources. They are able to work and create to make better lives for others, for themselves and for their families. It follows, as history shows, that economic freedom ensures human rights, and improves quality of life across the board, including health care, education, literacy, the environment, and so on. 

As for economic freedom helping to bring about greater political freedoms, two nations serving as examples are Taiwan and South Korea. Economic freedom enhanced prosperity and boosted public pressure in the mid-1980s for expanded political freedom. In turn, political freedom further enhanced economic freedom and growth.

Taiwan and South Korea previously were authoritarian regimes, that is, political power was held by one person and/or party. However, China is a communist totalitarian regime – meaning that the person and/or party in charge controls all aspects of life, both public and private. 

Regarding the Chinese communists opening up parts of their economy in the 1990s, the hope, of course, was that economic freedom would expand, and that would be followed by an expanded desire and pressure for true political freedom. The question was: Would a totalitarian regime react like the authoritarians in South Korea and Taiwan did, or would the Chinese communists work to maintain a stranglehold on life?

For years, progress seemed to be occurring. But the latest, deeply troubling signals point in the opposite direction. Under President Xi Jinping, the Chinese communists exhibit no interest in increased political freedom. Instead, they appear bent on expanding and strengthening the Party’s control. 

That includes news in recent days about Beijing violating the agreement that was struck when the British relinquished control of Hong Kong. Under the “one country, two systems” arrangement, Beijing had pledged legal autonomy for Hong Kong, including basic freedoms, such as speech, assembly and press, for 50 years, that is, from 1997 to 2047. But communist China now seems focused on breaking its promise by imposing national security laws on Hong Kong, including setting up state-security bodies. This comes after pre-pandemic protests in Hong Kong regarding fears that citizens could be arrested and sent to China for trial. 

Make no mistake, this is meant to crush dissent and opposition to the Communist Party and the State, at behest of Xi. It’s a clear step toward ending “one country, two systems.”

But there’s more. The communist regime in China also has no use for Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen, who was sworn in for a second term this past week. According to CNBC, she said, “Cross-strait relations have reached a historical turning point. Both sides have a duty to find a way to coexist over the long term and prevent the intensification of antagonism and differences... We will not accept the Beijing authorities’ use of ‘one country, two systems’ to downgrade Taiwan and undermine the cross-strait status quo. We stand fast by this principle.” She also said, “We have made the greatest effort to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait over the past four years ... We will continue these efforts, and we are willing to engage in dialogue with China.” Beijing, which cut off dialogue with Taiwan when Tsai was first elected, responded by declaring that “reunification” was a “historical inevitability.”

To amplify its point – or threat – as Reuters reported last week, “The Chinese military is planning to conduct a large-scale landing drill off Hainan Island in the South China Sea in August to simulate the possible seizure of the Taiwanese-held Pratas Island in the future, Chinese sources familiar with the matter have said.”

Finally, there is the fact that China’s Xi chose lying and secrecy over public warnings and early containment efforts regarding the coronavirus and its origins in Wuhan. That’s typical for communist leaders who care little for their own people, never mind those living in other countries, and only come sort of clean when overwhelmed and in need of help. (Of course, that doesn’t excuse inaction by the U.S. and others in the West, particularly given that Taiwan issued warnings and began screening people from Wuhan at the end of December.)

Meanwhile, China’s expansiveness faces no substantial check at this point. The U.S. unfortunately has retreated from the world stage in all serious ways under President Trump. For example, the obvious benefits of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement between the U.S. and 11 Asia-Pacific countries (Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam) not only would have included major economic positives for the U.S. and our trading partners by reducing governmental barriers to trade, but it also would have solidified relationships with those nations and made clear that the U.S. would be a major counter for freedom in the Pacific versus China’s desires. But that was wiped out by President Trump’s very first action in office, which was withdrawing the U.S. from the TPP. And then there’s his subsequent erratic behavior, lack of strategy, and general disinterest in foreign affairs and national security.

Looking ahead, serious problems and threats loom with China. On the economic front, U.S. firms have long had to weigh the uncertainties and risks of doing business with and in China versus the potential benefits of having access to the Chinese market on both the consumer and producer fronts. Those uncertainties and risks have now grown significantly. This requires a sober, informed analysis, as opposed to assorted investors appearing on financial news shows and merely assuming that “Chinese leaders have to understand that confrontation is not in their interests.” In reality, confrontation can very much be in their interests.

As for U.S. foreign policy, coherence and reasserting leadership are critical – not just for ourselves but for our allies around the Pacific Rim and beyond. That means expanding our naval power and reach. And on the economic front, the U.S. needs to reassert its leadership role for expanding free trade in the area (and around the rest of the world), and making clear that China needs to behave on assorted fronts in order to fully participate in the benefits of free trade. For good measure, reaching out directly to the Chinese people in a more organized fashion with a pro-freedom message makes sense.

We are at a turning point on policy toward China, and the carrot and the stick must be manifest.

But it will require serious work to undo the damage done by the past two U.S. presidents, that is, President Obama’s foreign policy and trade indifference for most of his administration, and President Trump’s isolationist and protectionist inclinations, not to mention his tendency to be hostile toward longtime allies and inconsistent on international matter in general.

__________

Ray Keating is a columnist, economist, podcaster and entrepreneur.  You can order his new book Behind Enemy Lines: Conservative Communiques from Left-Wing New York  from Amazon or signed books at RayKeatingOnline.com. His other recent nonfiction book is Free Trade Rocks! 10 Points on International Trade Everyone Should Know. Keating also is a novelist. His latest novels are  The Traitor: A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel, which is the 12th book in the series, and the second edition of Root of All Evil? A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel with a new Author Introduction. The views expressed here are his own – after all, no one else should be held responsible for this stuff, right?

Two of Ray Keating’s Pastor Stephen Grant novels deal with relations with China. Check out Deep Rough and The Traitor

Also, tune in to Ray Keating’s podcasts – the PRESS CLUB C Podcast and the Free Enterprise in Three Minutes Podcast 

Monday, March 21, 2016

The U.S. Version of the Spanish Civil War?

by Ray Keating

Hillary Clinton versus Donald Trump in November reminds me of a U.S. political version of the Spanish Civil War. That is, when fascists square off against communists, everyone loses in the end.

Of course, I might be stretching things, but bear with me.

First let’s get something straight about the Spanish Civil War. In Spain in the late 1930s, the losses were grim, with hundreds of thousands being killed at the hands of both fascists and communists. It’s odd that to this very day, the American Left still views one side favorably in this brutal conflict. In reality, the Spanish Civil War was not about forces of democracy battling against Franco and the fascists. Rather, it was a power struggle between two nearly indistinguishable ideologies that raise up the state, crush the individual, and eradicate liberty. It was a matter who would acquire power in order to expand government throughout the economy, society and the culture. Franco and the fascists received aid from Germany and Italy, while the so-called “republicans” or “loyalists” – that is, in reality, the communists – were backed by the Soviet Union. It was a no-win scenario, to the extreme.

As for the U.S., I pray that we never descend into such chaos. But on a different level, an election between Hillary Clinton (or for that matter, Bernie Sanders) and Donald Trump would wind up being another no-win scenario.

There’s nothing secret about Hillary Clinton. She obviously has dedicated her political life since becoming first lady to expanding the size of the state in most aspects of life in the U.S., including increased taxes, expanded regulations, more spending, and greater government control over such areas as health care and education. Also, like her leftist allies, including President Barack Obama, Clinton fails to recognize as legitimate those opposing her views and policies.

Meanwhile, Donald Trump has morphed his views – most recently, flip-flopping on nearly every major issue – to fit his personal needs and desires. When acting as a businessman, Trump contributed to Hillary Clinton’s campaign, invited her to his wedding, and was friends with her. Now, with his pursuit of the Republican presidential nomination, Trump opposes and attacks Mrs. Clinton. This reality TV star stands out as a glaring example of the inflated ego who seeks power, and is committed only to his personal power. He certainly has little regard for the Constitution and our political process given his lack of respect for the First Amendment, his unwillingness to reject violence in support of his candidacy, his personal attacks on and thinly veiled threats to anyone disagreeing with him, his bizarre claims that no one has been treated as poorly as him in the history of politics, his disturbing declarations on illegal orders he would give our military, his crudeness, and his populist strategy of setting up the bogeyman of foreigners (see his anti-trade and anti-immigration messages) as the causes of America’s woes.

The Spanish Civil War was a blood-soaked battle between supporters of two ideologies that, in effect, were one and the same. They struggled to see who would gain power, and be able to turn the power of the state against the individual.

Meanwhile, the 2016 election in the U.S. provides little hope that voters will have any kind of real choice at the ballot box. Assorted conservatives and libertarians in recent times have rather childishly complained that no real differences exist between Republicans and Democrats. Saying, for example, then that Republicans in control of the U.S. House of Representatives are no different from President Barack Obama reveals a stunning lack of discernment. However, worrying that, in the end, the policies served up by a President Donald Trump would vary little from what a President Hillary Clinton would impose is a very real concern, based on experience and the realities we see at hand.

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Mr. Keating is an economist and novelist who writes on a wide range of topics. His Pastor Stephen Grant novels have received considerable acclaim, including The River: A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel being a finalist for KFUO radio’s Book of the Year 2014, and Murderer’s Row: A Pastor Stephen Grant Novel winning Book of the Year 2015.

The Pastor Stephen Grant Novels are available at Amazon…